The purpose of this study was to discuss the development direction of the curriculum and textbook of the “Common Korean Language in South and North Korea” subject. Common Korean Language in South and North Korea is a subject designed for the transition of South and North Koreans’ awareness of each other’s language and culture, while minimizing the fear and heterogeneity that they might feel during the unification transition. The core of the development direction of the curriculum and textbook discussed in this study is “communication, coexistence, and culture through the South and North Korean languages.” In particular, it is necessary to emphasize the teaching of literature, which can play an important role in sharing language, feelings, and emotions of the community. Through such curricula and textbooks, South and North Korea will be able to understand each other’s language, emotions, and culture, and lay the foundation for the coexistence of each other.