This study aimed quest of historical meaning children and children's literature that be conditioned children's literature study and children's literature education study. The question “Who is children?” is essential theme in children's literature debate. Specially, because they are product of modern, we have to quest historically and philosophically them.Recently children's literature study is concentrating on the formation and origin of children's literature. But modern children's literature movement is not oppositional selection problem but philosophical foundation and root.This historical meanings are linked to present times task with ‘laboring children’. That is question of “What is pursuing value for now and here children in the children's literature?” It is not abandon of realism but diverse spurt based on reality. And, We have to study basic material and literary history and it can more full study map in children's literature.