The purpose of this study is to investigate relation of the grammatical competence and the direction of grammar assessment in Korean grammar education. The basic assumption of this study is that grammar assessment should be assessment on grammatical competence. In chapter 2, we deal with relation of the grammatical competence and the grammar assessment. In chapter 3, we deals with the direction of grammar assessment for grammatical competence. In chapter 4, we deal with methods of making questions for measurement of grammatical competence. To explain these issues, we give careful consideration to institution of curriculum, textbooks and so on. As a consequence, we comprehend the direction of grammar assessment in Korean grammar education.