The purpose of this study is to set components of communicative ability and to develop of inventory to measure communicative ability for high school students. The subcategories of communicative ability have been set based on speaker, listener, and context except message among four factors of communication. speaker-speaking ability, listener-listening ability and context-common ability. Speaking ability involves fluency,logical construction, verbal expression, nonverbal expression and selfexpression. Listening ability contains explicit listening, inferential listening,critical listening and emphatic listening. Common ability involves communicative context, social relation, and attitude. The inventory has been set through several steps: 1) Developing initial inventories to measure communicative ability classified by subcategories 2) reviewing from 3 experts of communication area 3) surveying 479 high school students 4) verifying the validity and reliability 5) eliminating inappropriate inventories 6) setting inventory classified by subcategories to measure communicative ability.