This study focuses on pronunciation, spelling, spacing, and punctuation, which are common in Korean language textbooks of elementary school in North and South Korea. The pronunciation, spelling, and punctuation marks except for spacing are commonly used by the two Koreas in the second grade of elementary school. According to the achievement standards, there was a difference in the scope, content composition, and learning activity of each grade level. In North Korea’s educational program, basic principles and knowledge education are presented separately. In textbooks, however, they are presented in listening, speaking, reading and writing areas, and language norms are covered in all areas except listening. It mainly deals with the grammatical content in the reading area, and also includes some grammatical knowledge in the speaking and writing areas. The common pronunciation method in the textbooks of elementary school in North and South Korea is prolonged sound rule and Glottalization. The spelling was presented with words that are often confused with words with similar sounds, and ‘words with different sounds and notations’. The spacing and punctuation marks are the norms of instruction in writing education. In South Korea, there was a difference in handling reading education instead of spacing. The punctuation marks differed between the types of punctuation marks used in North and South Korea. According to the accomplishment standards of South Korea and North Korea, there was a difference in the scope, content structure, and method of learning activities of each grade in the textbooks. There is a need to discuss this issue after the unification because the consideration of the cognitive level of elementary school students in South and North Korea is different.