The purpose of this study was to investigate transcription mode effects in a writing assessment. We conducted EEG study that focused on beta-gamma activity from 15 participants. For analysing EEG, we divided raw data into three stage (early vs. middle vs. late). These data was tested for difference in transcription modes (handwriting vs. keyboarding) with the inter-sessions. Our data suggests that both conditions were sustained high inter-rater reliability, and differences in an average score were not significant. Considering the transcription mode, beta-gamma signal in handwriting condition is significantly higher than keyboarding condition in the left prefrontal. Also each stage of evaluating was changed as differently trends. In the latter part of evaluating, beta activity declines in keyboarding essay condition. In contrast, beta activity maintained the level of measures in handwriting essay condition. At the middle part of evaluating, gamma activity was the highest. These relate to rater’s cognitive work load in the brain and stress during evaluating. We suggest keyboarding essay condition is good to raters, since it can reduce their fatigue. As a result, keyboarding essay condition can effect not only their performance but also fine validity, reliability and practicality of the writing assessment.